Gearing.



G. FORNACA.

GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED ocr. I?. 1912.

1,138,998n Patented May 4, 1915. v

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GEAR-HNE;

application le @stoner 2"?, i912; Serial No. ''rf iib all wiom fmfaje/ concern.' A y ile .it known' that l, Genio Fonnaon, a

subject oi" the King of italy, residing at Tandil-ally, have invented certain new and Useful improvements in. Gearing, of which 'tile following is a full, clear, and exact el'eciiication.

This invention relates to gearing.

More particularly, my invention relates to a gearing, or securing' a desired number of forward and reverse speeds, with provision of Huid controlling means for securing at 4 will Vany particular forward or reverse speed. Preferably, the connection between the driven shaft and tlie driving shaft for controlled ily suitable manipulating means.

Other features and objects of my invention will be more fully understood from the following' description and the' accompanying drawing, in which is shown partly in elevation, Vbut largely in central cross-section, a y

mechanism embodying my invention.

The driving shaft l shown journaled in the bearings 2, 3. Between the bearings 2, 3, the driving shaft l may comprise Vshalt sections el, in order to facilitate assembling and disassemblng. ln the ligure vthere is indicated an arrangement for obtainingr two speed ratios between the driving shaft l and eoimter-shaft 5, and a clutch mechanism between thel loose gears and their shaft, wherelrvtwo forward speeds and two reverse speeds *will loe imparted at will. to tile driven silat @ne speedvratio secured by the gears 6, 7 and another speed ratio is'secured by the irs 8, if, the gears and 9 being fixed on 'the connensliait '23, and in continlilous ine-'slr re, ilize i ing' sliai thereto by a timid enrich comprising two simi n: elnteli sectionsl, ll.' Fluid presineans are provided for jointly corr 8 are norrnafll'Y idle on the drivtrolling the eluten. sections i0, il whereby l ordis cinte ed vill to 'the l; wie la rre actively with the gears 6 and '8.

t l, out are adapted to loe clutched' section l1 tljiereby roiatng the counter-shaft at a predetermined speed ratio, and en abling elle driven shaft l2 to be rotated.

either in a. :forward reverse direction, as will be exg'ilained more fully hereinafter.

The clutch seeion i0 comprises a, liu'n 3.3 fixed to the drivirnzl shaft by means of a. spline, or the like, and carrying disks il axially slidaleie thereon by means of tile liey l5. The cylindrical shell 16 is fixed to the solid gear il., and carries disks 17 mounted on the liey 18 to permit movement axially with respect to the driving shaft i.` The clutch section-l1., similar to the clutch sec` tion. l0, embodies disks 19- carried by the hub 13, and axially movable on. the key 20; and. further includes disks 2l carried by the cylindrical shell 22 fixed to the solid gear. 8, the disks 2l, being slidalole longitudinally of the shaft l on the lrey 23. Preferably, the disks ll, 17 are circular in shape, and are assembled inalternate order; likewise, the disks 19 and 2l are preferably eireularand arranged linalternate order. Both clutch. sections 10, l1 are inclosed in the Huid-tight casing 2l, The fluid iol-operating and con-- trolling the clutch sections is pumped by'y pump 25 fron-1 the reservoir 2G into 'the pipe 2?', and thence into the control valve 28, comprising ille slidable valve member 29 having 'openings 30, 31 and 32, S3 adapted for certain positions to register respectively with openings', 35 and 36, 3? of the four vipes 38, 39, l0, 41, respectively. .it 1will be noted that the pipes 3&3, -l, are respectively of larger crosseection tiran the pipes 39 and l0, a'lierebyfless resistance to the passage of the fluid will be offered by the .first named pipes; this relation is ladvanageons, in that the pipes 38;, 4l serve to transmit the iuid. for :forcing: ,the disks of* the respective clutch sections in Contact lo couple the desired Lajears with the driving shaft, Whereas the smaller pipes 3), 40 to transmit the iiuid for holding the disks of the nnconpled elntcn section out of nini-ual. engagement.

ln the position. shown inthe drawing, wherein the clutch section Ail is coupled to the driving silaii l, the valve opening-30 registers with the pipe opening ill, where- 'upon the fluid will flow through the large ,formed lll@ the easing' 4.

d4, longitudinal passage e5, transverse passage 46, which passages are disposed in the driving shaft l, thence into the ring chainu her 4T aliout the shaft 1 and inclosed hy the sleeve 48 of the gear 8, thence into passage il?) in gear. S, and then into annular Acompartinent 50, formed within the cylin' drical shell Q2 with the solid head of the gear S serring as the outer wall, whereby the iuid will torce the disks 19, 21 towardy the left againstthe fixed, extreme left-hand disk 19, and clutch the gear 8 to the huh 13. During this action, the fluid emerges freni the compartment through openings 51 in the cylindrical shell QL, flowing into the cas-v ing 2st,' andvcontinuing its circulatory path through the return pipe 58 leading to the reservoir 26.` `By reason ot the valve opening` 3 1 registering with pipe opening 35 simultaneous with the registering of :valve opening 3G With pipe opening 3l, a relatively less amount of fluid will flow through pipe into `the ring chamber 5l about the shaft 1 and Within the bearing ring 55, thence into transverse passage 56,` longitu- 1 dinal passage 5T and transversepassage 58,-Whieh three passages. are in shaft 1,- thence intovpassage 59 iii lrub 13, thence into ring chamber -on the periphery of thehuo 13 and thereby flow past and between the disks 1h17, forcing the same out of contact Withfone another, and thereby insun' ing the disconnection ol the gear 6 from the driving shaft i. .The fluid 'continues its en Wheni't is desired to couple the driven trol valve .28 is moved hysuitableoperatinggl'evers, or other means, toa righohand .position to cause the valve opening 33 to' register with pipe 'opening 3? oit the larger pipe/l1, and the 'valve Vopening; 32 to regis-" f ter witliytlie'pipe' opening 3G- of the'sinaller Kpipe 4:04* lt will be noted that' the valve member 2Q-:is .provided with openingsl 32, iny order to 4permit the valve member 29' to be' reelyrnoved without? Africtional interference I, 'withfthe fluid to all desired positions; these` openings 62 also insure balanced condition.

of the valve meinher 29 for' all positions.

lhe fluid flowing through the pipe el passes into thering chamber 63 about the shaft' :andv Within the bearing ring 55,' thence intov transverse passage '65,' longitudinal passage '66 andtransverse passage 6L-Which three 'passages are in the shaft vl,-'-thence into. f passage 68 in the gear 6, and Jthen into the annular chamber 69 formed between the I solid head'o gear?) and the cylindrical shell meshes 16, whereby the disks 14, l'are forced toward'the right in Contact with one another and again'stthe fixed, extreme lefthand disk 11i, thereby coupling the gear G with the hub 13 lined to the driving shaft l. The duid emerges from the annular chamher 69 through opening 70, flowing into easing 2li,

thence by return pipe 53 back into the reservoir 26. A lesser amount of fluid will also flow through the piped() simultaneous to the flow through the pipe 4&1, the fluid flowing throu pipe l0 entering ther-ing. chainher 71 about the shaft 1 and within the heariiig sleeve a3 of hearing il, thence loy-l transverse passage, longitudinal passage 'l'and transverse passage fhfwhich three passages are inthe shaft 1,-and then' through passage 75 in thel hub 13. into the ring ehainoer 7G on the outer peripiieryof .huh 13, thence past ,and between .the disks 19, 21, forcing the saine apart andl man`1 taining the clutch section'li disconnected relation, theV fluid emerging through opening 77 in -theicyhndrieal shell 22, and returm ,ing through pipe 53 to the 4reservoir 26. l

1 he rotation oit the counterfshat 5 at the desired speed ratio istransinitted through bevel gear 80, meshing' with the oppositely` disposed, idle bevel gears 81, 82, and thereby through either of thel clutches'SB, 84, iin 4parting the desired speed ratio to the 'driven shaft 12, The clutch 83 is closed to give the desired vspeed in the forward direction, and the clutch Se closed to give the desired speedin the reverse direction. Clutches 83, 8a are controlled by any approved manipulating means, as will he understood. In'the drawing, the clutch 83 is shown in andthe clutch 84,'of course, shown out.. :ln the speoiic arrangement illustrated, the driven ,v

shaft may be rotated at Willat two forf [Ward vpredeterinned speeds and attivo re-` verse, predetermined speeds; however, the

nninber oit the forward or reverse speeds.

lmay he Varied, the particular construction of lv-which will be or anized andoperated in aooordance with tie: preceding lt Will-loe seen that whenl both chiches 83, 84 are 'thrown out, the drivenv sha' t Willlbe 'disconnectedf from theldriving shait:

ln, the' operation'- of my invention, .the pump will `he 'driveny by any 'suitable means,V

such as by gearing' the saine tothe driving i shaft, 'in such inannerthat; the pressure of the disks of' the desired coupled clutch secftion, substantially without 'any slip between the :disks When the eil'ective Vpressure api plied'to the disks fis lessened suiiioiently, it

will be seen thatf'afslip` hetweenthe. disks will take plaee, whereby the. eiectivespeed transmitted tolthe' counter-shaft will he' lessenecl'; 11n order' tolohtain auch' regulation-of v effective speeds impartedto the driven shaft,

I make the valve openings 3l, 32 of larger diameter than the valve openings 30, 33, or form the valve openings 3l, 32 in the shape of. longitudinally extending slots; For example, taking the position of the valve member 28 shown in the drawing, the valve opening 30 registers exactly with the pipe open ing 34; assuming the valve member 29 to be moved slightly to the right, the lloW of the duid through pipe 38 will ,be lrestricted, thereby reducing the pressure, whereas the flow of the fluid through pipe 39 will not be ad'ected. 4 A sirilar relationship exist between the valve Iienings 32 and 33, anc; permits a variation in the pressure of the lluid for securing a coupling of the desired clutch part, while at the same time insuring a disconnection of the uncoupled clutch section. It will also he seen that by my invention the speed may be readily controlled, so that there will be no danger of grinding or hrealring the teeth of the clutches forlconnecting the driven shaft with the counter-shaft.

Whereas, I have illustrated my invention. in one specific form, it will bevunders'tood that manyI changes and modifications may he made therein Without departing from my invention. 0

Having thus described my invention, I

declare that what l claim as. new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination with a driving shaft, a driven shaft and interposed gearing for varying the relative ratio and direction of movement of the driving and driven shafts, said gearing including fixed and loose gears for varying the driving ratio, a disk clutch for each of said loose gears, a duid operated piston for closing the disks of said clutches,

a restricted fluid vent from the piston-chami ber of each clutch, a separate duid pressure passage discharging between the disks of each clutch to separate them, a restricted vfluid vent from between said disks, a source of fluid pressure, and a valve for connecting said source ofluid pressure alternatively with any one of said clutch pistons While connecting the disks of the other clutches to the pressure to maintain them open, said valve permitting a continuous circulation of duid from said source under variable pressure through said clutches.

ln testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses. v

GUIDO lOlNACA..4 Witnesses:

JOCELYN GoUnYnoN. TeNo Mnizor'ro. 

